The pharmaceutical industry is full of contradictions. On one hand, there is every reason to be optimistic such as long-term demographic drivers favor the sector, healthcare spending globally is increasing. On the other hand, there are challenging times with economic and political uncertainties clouding the horizon. But still, there are certain fastest-growing areas in the pharmaceutical industry that are expected to boon soon. Though the trend varies from region to region, there are few common trends in the growth of pharmaceutical products which are as follows:
1.Nutraceuticals over Pharmaceutical
Nutraceutical supplements are made of whole foods, not from isolated vitamins or nutrients. These supplements are made up of actual vegetables and carry all their health benefits. These supplements are a great way to promote health and prevent disease by incorporating crucial vitamins and minerals found in natural foods. Odorless garlic tablets, spinach, or beet capsules are some of its examples.
Pharmaceutical supplements are often called dietary supplements. These supplements contain a vitamin, mineral, amino acid, herb, or other substance that is meant to aid dietary health. Vitamin C tablets, Omega 3 capsules are some of its examples.
While both the supplements have their benefits, but nutraceuticals are much better because pharmaceutical supplements have high concentrations of a single or small group of vitamins and minerals, while nutraceuticals have all the benefits of natural foods. Our bodies are designed in such a way that it can intake fruits, vegetables, and other natural foods easily. Therefore, giving the body extremely high doses of dietary supplements is not as effective as it may seem. Our bodies benefit the most when it is provided nutraceuticals because they are much closer to the natural makeup of foods that our bodies are designed to intake.
2.Injectable medicines over Oral medicines
Oral medicines have substances that contribute to chemical stability (their shape, color, texture, and durability). These ingredients protect them during transportation. Other ingredients control how the pill is digested.
Injectable medicines are delivered directly into the bloodstream or the intended body tissue. They have inactive ingredients as well, but the active ingredients are more easily freed. Typically, more of the drug is available but on the other hand, drugs that are taken orally are processed so that only part of them reach the circulatory system.
From the past one era of healthcare, prefilled syringes have gained acceptance as delivery systems for injectable drugs in the treatment of several chronic diseases. As the need for more convenient drug-delivery methods is increasing, injectable drugs are becoming the fastest-growing choices for unit dose medication (minimizing dosing error). They also reduce drug waste and increase the product life span. The injections have increased utilization across the world in a wide range of therapeutic areas, such as blood stimulants, therapeutic proteins, and vaccines. Thus, over the forecast period, a wide expansion of prefilled syringes is expected across the world, This is expected to drive the demand for injectable drugs market.
3.Cancer and Neurosciences
Cancer and neurosciences are among the most promising areas for newer developing drugs. Although cancer draws the lion’s share of venture capital dollars, brain drugs also attract significant funding. In recent years, many research centers are developing therapeutic anticancer vaccines which are designed according to the individual characteristics of the tumor to make the immune system more active against the cancer cells and determine their death. There has been an increase in the number of drugs and therapies available for the treatment that has contributed to the significant reduction in cancer mortality rates. In the coming years, the development and approval of new highly innovative chemical, biological, and biotechnological drugs are expected. These new treatments will start a new revolution in the field of clinical oncology, mainly based on a specific individual approach for each patient, a personalized, and more effective medicine.
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API stands for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient. API is a chemical compound and the most important raw material to produce a finished medicine. API gives the intended effect in the medicine to cure the disease. For instance, Paracetamol is an API for the medicine Crocin and this API is responsible for giving relief from body ache and fever. Every medicine is formed from two main ingredients, the chemically active APIs and chemically inactive, excipients, which is a substance that delivers the effect of APIs to one’s system. In short, API + EXCIPIENTS = PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION. It must be noted that excipients have no pharmacological action on their own i.e. they are inert.
Excipients are the bulking agents, fillers, or diluents because in most cases API is in milligrams or micrograms. With the small quantity of APIs, it is impossible to make any stable formulation without adding any excipients. One can find the name and amount of the active ingredient contained in the medicine on the package of OTC (over the counter) drugs. Some medicines also use multiple APIs which are known as fixed-dose combination drugs.
All you need to know about APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients)
Where APIs are made?
Traditionally, the APIs were produced by the pharmaceutical companies themselves in their own countries but in recent years, many pharma companies have opted to outsource overseas to cut costs on expensive equipment, employees, and infrastructure. This changing trend has caused significant changes in how these drugs are regulated, rigorous guidelines, and more inspections. Pharmaceutical companies are mostly located in the United States and England but the concentration of API manufacturers is high overseas especially in Asia, particularly in India and China.
Who makes APIs and how are they made?
The API manufacturers make API. Their development department conducts a series of experiments to find a chemical compound that has the potential to become an API. After finding the compound, the API manufacturers prepare a chemical compound that becomes an API in the laboratory by considering the degree of concentration and temperature that will help in the development of a quality API. The API is not the result of only one reaction from the raw materials instead it becomes an API after several chemical compounds. A chemical compound which is in the process of becoming an API from raw materials is named as an intermediate. Then the production department manufactures a high quantity of APIs using the large reactors. According to Kastura Chemical, ‘’ If an API is not ultra-pure, medicine can not meet the strict quality criteria. So, the quality of an API plays a really important role”. After that, the quality control staff then conducts analyses in the testing laboratory to examine whether the manufactured API is ultrapure, and after testing it is packaged and becomes ready for sale to the drug manufacturers. Drug manufacturers then make medicines by mixing APIs and pharmaceutical excipients. After this long process, the APIs turn into medicines which are then delivered to hospitals and pharmacies.
What are the regulations?
Regardless of where the API is made, it is the responsibility of the company to adhere to strict safety and quality standards set by the country where it will be used. For instance, the APIs manufactured in China or India for use in the United States must still be inspected and licensed by the FDA. Similarly, if the API is intended for use in Europe, they are required to meet the regulations set by the European Medicines Agency.
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